Working with PF 115 paint requires preliminary preparation for painting. It may be too thick, and solvents can add additional properties to the enamel. Here it is important to choose the right way to dilute the PF 115 enamel, otherwise it will not only not show its positive qualities, but may become completely unsuitable for painting surfaces. Next we will talk about how you can dilute this enamel, and about the stages of this process.
Components PF-115
Developed in the mid-70s.
of the last century, the technical characteristics of alkyd enamel PF-115 meet modern requirements for painting work Source vmirekraski.ru To figure out what is the best way to dilute PF paint, you need to find out what it consists of and about its features, then it will be easier to imagine the very principle of diluting such paints and varnishes . At its core, it is a pentaphthalic alkyd enamel that is suitable for coating metal, wood, ceramic and concrete surfaces, and such a wide range of possibilities is offered at a fairly modest price compared to other coatings.
The PF-115 contains:
- alkyd and pentaphthalic varnishes containing (TiO2);
- solvents;
- coloring pigments.
In most cases, information from the manufacturer is printed on the label of a can of pentaphthalic coatings, which may differ slightly depending on the brand.
Basically, different brands of PF differ in the type of solvents, and this can be:
- turpentine (Turpentine);
- white spirit (White Spirit);
- Solvent.
Varieties and decoding
Commercially available enamels, based on their composition, are divided into four categories:
- Aerosol - dry quickly and can significantly reduce the work process.
- Acrylic - universal compositions for interior and facade work on concrete, plaster and brick.
- Alkyd - for wooden and metal structures.
- Heat-resistant – heating radiators and other surfaces exposed to high temperatures.
In addition, enamels differ in markings, which determine the composition of the product.
| Marking | Decoding |
| PF | Pentaphthalic |
| GF | Glypthal |
| NC | Nitrocellulose |
| HV | Polyvinyl chloride, alkyd and chlorinated resins |
| EP | Epoxy resin |
| FL | Phenol and oil varnish |
Each enamel has a specific area of use, which is usually indicated by the manufacturer in the instructions for use.
Video description
Enamel PF-115. What do you need to know when choosing enamel?
Possible changes when diluting PF
Depending on the type of solvent, the characteristics of the enamel may change - for example, when using white spirit, the gloss is completely preserved. Source kraski-net.ru
We should not forget that some types of solvents can affect the properties of pentaphthalic paint and it will be very good if this affects only on the drying speed, and not on the adhesion or gloss of the dried coating. For example, a solvent such as White Spirit completely retains the properties of PF-115, but the diluted paint will dry somewhat more slowly, since it depends on the rate of evaporation of the thinner. But the best option in order to reduce the consistency of thickened paintwork is to look at the information from the manufacturer, printed on the container, and use exactly the solvent that is already in the enamel.
Sometimes, due to the lack of the necessary solvent, such paint is diluted with gasoline or kerosene. Yes, the consistency will be thinner, and it will dry no longer than with white spirit, but the film coating fades very quickly and, naturally, changes color. Therefore, you should find out which solvent is best to use in a particular case by looking at the information on the can or consulting with someone who already has experience in painting work.
Differences between PF-115 and conventional alkyd coatings
To evaluate the difference between PF-115 and alkyd paints and varnishes, let’s consider their advantages and disadvantages.
Has good indicators for protecting surfaces from harmful influences, has good indicators for protecting surfaces from harmful influences Source kraski-net.ru
The positive aspects of PF-115 enamels include:
- film coating protects surfaces from negative influences;
- complete hardening of the paintwork material occurs after 24 hours;
- reasonable and even better price;
- good choice of colors;
- One or two layers are enough for high-quality coverage;
- The film is resistant to temperature changes from -50° to +60°C and does not react to humid air.
The negative side includes:
- until the PF-115 enamels are completely dry, they are toxic and fire hazardous, so it is not recommended to stay nearby for 24 hours, much less rest in the room where the painting work was carried out;
- The service life of pentaphthalic paints is slightly lower than that of acrylic paints.
This is a widespread traditional paint and varnish material, the film-forming component of which is based on synthetic polycondensation alkyd resins Source kraski-net.ru
How to thin enamel for a spray gun
How to dilute PF 115 for a spray gun, and all with the same means. Dissolution is required so that the paint can easily pass through the nozzles; the composition must be more liquid. To do everything correctly, add solutions gradually, thoroughly stirring the composition; it is better to work with a mixer. This will create a well-mixed solution. Each time, check the viscosity on a small area of the surface.
That's right, diluted paint sprays evenly and continuously. Ideally, it will be sprayed in the form of a “fog”. Note! Temperature indicators affect the thickness of the coloring agent; warmer conditions contribute to the dilution of the paint, cold conditions, on the contrary, contribute to thickening.
When working, wear a respirator; safety glasses and gloves also come in handy.
That's right, diluted paint sprays evenly and continuously.
Classification of solvents
The word “solvent” is quite universal - it can describe many liquids, but this does not mean that such liquids are also universal - such solvents do not exist.
Observe safety precautions when working with these substances. If they are violated, symptoms of drug intoxication may appear. Source kraskaok.ru
Solvents can be classified according to their basis:
- petroleum derivatives such as gasoline, white spirit, solvent are more suitable for oil-based paints and varnishes;
- Organic-based solvents such as acetone or xylene are used very often for various paints and varnishes, since organics are gentle substances;
- chemical compositions that are marked with the numbers 4, 12, 646, 647, 650 - the higher the number, the higher the fat content of the composition, and it takes longer to evaporate.
Consumption rates for painting
Enamel consumption depends on many factors, but the average values for applying a single-layer coating vary between 150-180 g/m2 . However, these are only approximate standards.
If work is carried out on a hot day, the enamel will evaporate, and accordingly the consumption will increase. If a roller is used when painting, this gives a slight saving of paint, and application through a pneumatic sprayer is guaranteed to exceed the average consumption rate by 1.5-2 times .
In addition, color can affect consumption: white enamel usually costs much more than black enamel. Professional painters and finishers recommend purchasing enamel at the rate of 1 kg/10 m2 of surface.
Solvents for PF-115
There is a misconception that PF-115 enamels solvents are intended solely for changing the consistency of paintwork materials (making them rarer). In fact, such aggressive additives can change the molecular composition of the paint, which sometimes leads to undesirable consequences.
The following problems may occur:
- the enamel's hiding power will decrease, and this is one of the most important properties of any paintwork materials;
- When performing painting work, bubbles and stains may appear that cannot be dispersed with a brush or roller;
- a change in the molecular structure can cause the appearance of an insoluble precipitate.
Important! All of the above defects, formed due to the molecular structure of the enamel, cannot be corrected, so you should be careful when choosing the right solvent.
When the paint hardens, a solvent is poured into it and left closed for a day, using solvents for PF 115, such as solvent and White Spirit Source kraski-net.ru
It is necessary to change the consistency of the paint in the following cases:
- the consistency of the enamel has become such that it is difficult to apply it to the surface to be treated with a paint roller, brush, brush or spray;
- when using a spray gun, when the device cannot spray paintwork;
- when there is a need to change the properties of PF-115;
- if there is no adhesion to the surface being treated (in this case, the solvent is used as a degreaser).
Recommendation: when mixing any solvent with enamel, it is advisable to seal it hermetically and leave it for a day, and before painting, be sure to degrease the surface.
This is one of the organic solvents, which is obtained by direct processing (distillation, distillation) of oil Source stroychik.ru
List of available colors
The palette of PF-115 is very diverse. Here you can find different colors and shades.
| Classic colors | Exclusive colors |
|
|
In appearance, the film after application can be matte or glossy. It should be noted that even ordinary white enamel is available in two shades of color depth.
Given such diversity, choosing a color scheme to suit individual needs is not difficult. However, it is important to consider that exclusive colors usually cost more than the standard palette.
TOP 3 leading manufacturers
When choosing enamel, first of all pay attention to the products of such manufacturers:
LLC "LKM-Line " Moscow company operating since 2000 . The range includes the most common enamels and paints and varnishes, special compositions for waterproof and fireproof coatings.
"Khimprom-M" . This is one of the leading suppliers of paints and varnishes to the domestic market and CIS . The range includes enamels for interior and exterior use, compositions used in shipbuilding and for cars.
Special offers are available for the application of anti-corrosion and chemical resistant coatings.
. This is a scientific production company operating on the market since 1994 . The company is located in Chuvashia, its production capacity allows it to produce up to 10,000 tons of paints and varnishes monthly.
All manufacturers work in accordance with GOST ; manufactured products undergo multi-stage quality control.
Paint scheme
For different surfaces, different application technologies are used.
- Metal – preliminary application of primers GF-0119 , VL-05 or analogues in one layer. For rusty surfaces: Unicor . After this, 2 layers of enamel are applied.
- Wood – two-layer application without prior priming.
- Plastered surfaces , brick and concrete - 2-3 layers .
Before application, the enamel is thoroughly mixed with solvent, adding no more than 10% of the paint volume. Work is carried out at a temperature of +5…+350С . Each subsequent layer is applied after the previous one has completely dried. Drying time at room temperature – 24 hours .
Instructions
It should be remembered that painting a car is done after a number of preparatory works. Before painting, the car must be thoroughly washed and dried.
Any paint is applied in two layers. The first layer is called the developing layer; all surface defects are clearly visible on it. In order to dilute the paint for the first developing layer, take 4 parts of solvent and one part of Sadolin. Mix the mixture thoroughly. For the first painting of the outer surface of the body, 1 liter will be enough. Please note that immediately before painting, the surface of the body must be thoroughly degreased and dried again.
Apply the paint with quick horizontal movements from top to bottom. This will make it easier to avoid leaks. Don’t worry if there are minor gaps somewhere - this is only the first layer, it is much thinner than the main one. The paint should dry well within 20-30 minutes.
While the paint is drying, prepare the solution for the next layer. The second layer is called decorative, so the paint should be a little thicker. Dilute it with three volume parts of solvent and one part of Sadolin. Stir the mixture until completely homogeneous. Apply the base layer in the same way as the developing layer - quickly and efficiently. After painting, leave the car in a closed garage for 2-3 days.
To thin the paint, use solvents 646, 647 or 648. Please note that the higher the number, the thicker the solvent, and this is an additional opportunity to create more smudges.
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At first glance, the technology of using solvent for car paint does not pose any difficulties. In the instructions, the manufacturer indicates ratios, recommendations and precise instructions - you can make a mistake here through negligence and nothing more. However, not every instruction printed on paper is the best solution, and writing it stimulates not only the desire to be on the safe side, but also the commercial component: most manufacturers recommend using their company’s products, i.e. an expensive and reliable solvent. Meanwhile, understanding the principle of dilution of enamels, the degree and quality of its influence on the result, allows most expensive products to be replaced with domestic serialized products.
In what cases is it necessary to thin the paint?
During long-term storage, the material can thicken even in a tightly closed container, and even more so if it was stored open. This paint cannot be applied with a roller or brush.
If the paint is applied unevenly, rolls off, forms sagging and brush marks, then it must be diluted.
If work is performed on large surfaces, the paint can be diluted, thereby increasing its volume. When thinning the paint, it is important to monitor its viscosity and not allow the consistency to become too runny.
