Many claim that the height of a 5-story building is 15 meters. This is determined by calculating the number of floors per floor height, which we consider to be approximately 3 meters. In fact, this is not true; the height of the house can vary from 14 to 20 m or more. Why it is different, what it consists of - we will tell you in the article.
Panel five-story building (Khrushchev)
SNiP gives a classification of buildings based on the number of floors. According to them, five-story buildings are classified as mid-rise apartment buildings (MCDs). Next come high-rise buildings, these are 6-9 storey buildings with a height of up to 30 meters, multi-storey buildings - 10-16 and high-rise buildings over 17.
You can correctly calculate the height of any house by knowing several parameters. This is the height:
- floors;
- roofs;
- base
The main parameter, of course, is the floor height. Using it, you can determine the height of at least a 2-story building or 14. Therefore, we will make calculations with this value.
How many meters in a nine-story building?
Arithmetic mean and standard height The conditionally average height of a nine-story building in meters is usually determined in the range of 27–30 m.
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Physics of the city: what floor should you not live above and why?
Illustration: Olga Denisova
Moscow, like most modern megacities, is growing upward. Every year, more and more high-rise buildings shoot into the sky, many of which are intended for housing. Apartment buyers often choose higher floors for the views and feeling of flying when looking out the window. But isn't it dangerous for us to live on the 30th floor? Colleagues from the popular science magazine “Schrödinger’s Cat” helped to understand the topic.
Strictly speaking, there is virtually no such floor on which life would be impossible. However, environmentalists do not advise climbing higher than the fifth or sixth floor. Above eight is not recommended by immunologists. Above the 25th - firefighters. It turns out that the air above the sixth floor is not as clean as it seems. The “genies” of tall factory chimneys fumigate the city precisely at this level and above. Therefore, those who like to charge on the balcony are advised to first find out the strength and direction of the wind.
Every third earthling suffers from claustrophobia (fear of closed spaces) and agoraphobia (fear of open spaces). People begin to suffer if some external factors awaken these dormant ailments. Constantly staying at a bird's eye view is one of the options for such awakening. If a person is too high from the ground, the body perceives the location as unnatural, and therefore it is difficult for it to relax and feel safe.
Another nuance: the higher the number of storeys, the thinner the structure. The difference in the thickness of the walls on the first and 21st floors is needed to lighten the top of the building. Therefore, audibility “at the top” is very high. The result is accumulated psychological stress and a lack of privacy. Plus, due to their “refinement”, the tops of skyscrapers tend to vibrate. These micro-oscillations are not audible to the human ear, but irritate the nervous system. A person may experience anxiety to the point of terror without any apparent reason to panic.
In 2013, researchers from the University of Bern, Switzerland, published an article in the European Journal of Epidemiology, which analyzed mortality statistics for Swiss people depending on which floor they lived on. The sample on which the researchers conducted their work was one and a half million people - scientists were allowed to access census data for 2000–2008. The verdict is this: the statistical mortality rate for residents of high-rise buildings decreases with increasing height of residence. Residents on the first floor are 22 percent more likely to die than their neighbors on the eighth floor or higher. They are 40 percent more likely to die from respiratory diseases, 35 percent more likely to die from heart failure, and the risk of lung cancer for a person living on the first floor is 22 percent higher than for a person living on the eighth floor.
The only thing in which city dwellers living at heights are inferior to their neighbors below is the frequency of deaths resulting from “going out the window.” Among those living above the tops of trees, there are 41 percent more “ejected” suicides.
In 2007, social psychologist Robert Gifford wrote a long review article for the journal Architectural Science Review on the psychological and sociological specifics of life in skyscrapers. It turned out that the average resident of a high-rise building has fewer friends than someone who lives in a low-rise building.
Residents of low buildings are more likely to be satisfied with their lives than residents of tall buildings. Children living on the upper floors are less likely to be allowed to play outside, as it is difficult to keep track of them through the window. In addition, neighbors in a multi-storey building communicate with each other the least of all existing forms of dormitory.
In general, unfortunately, there is no clear advice on which floor to choose for housing. Stay on top, preventing the most negative consequences for you.
Marina Lubenko, Ivan Shunin
About "City Physics"
Every day, when we wake up in the morning, we are immersed in a city full of textures, sounds and colors. While we go to work and walk in the park, a million questions come to our minds about how everything around us works in this huge metropolis. Why don't skyscrapers fall? How is the blood of a city dweller different from the blood of a villager? What floor should you not live above and why?
We invited our colleagues from the Schrödinger's Cat magazine to answer our questions and explain why an abundance of city lighting is dangerous, how our breathing can harm others, and why people get sick in winter. This is how the “Urban Physics” project was born. Look for new questions and new answers on our website on Mondays and Thursdays.
Plot: Urban physics: a scientific explanation of life in a metropolis
Hot (and cold) water
If you live on a high floor, you will most likely have to forget that the water pressure can be strong. And sometimes you can only dream about warm water. Especially if you decide to carry out water procedures at the same time as your neighbors. And in other houses there are problems with cold water.
— In the mornings, it is sometimes difficult to ensure that cold water flows from the tap, but I like to wash my face with cold water. It just flows cool. There are no problems with pressure, and especially with changes in water temperature.
Typical projects
Nine-story houses made of blocks according to the standard series II-18-01/09, this is the most common 9-story Khrushchev building in Moscow. The first houses of this type began to be built in 1957–1958. Panel houses of the I-515/9M series were built from 1957 to 1976. By the way, the ceiling height was 2.64 m.
Panel house series I-515/9M
Brick houses were also built. From 1973–1983, very high-quality houses were built using the II-66 standard series. The housing in them had an improved layout and was considered prestigious. There is a version of series II-18-01/09 in brick version II-18-01/09MIK.
Brick house of standard series II-66
After the 70s, a new catalog of construction parts began to operate in the Soviet Union, and with it new projects appeared. Here are the most common series of houses: 1-515/9sh, 1605/9, 11-18/9, 11-49; P-44K, 137.
There are really a lot of projects and it makes no sense to list them all, but you need to know that they had different heights. The exact details can be found in the architecture committee.
Neighbours
If you need to solve a household issue, for example, change a riser, just imagine how many neighbors you will have to go around and persuade. And the audibility and smells in new buildings can sometimes drive you crazy.
“Sometimes there is also a strong smell of the food that the neighbors are preparing—I already know all their menus by heart, but this is a ventilation jamb, the developer is now fixing it. In principle, there are no other disadvantages. Yes, even in the summer, often drunken groups come to the common balcony to admire the sunsets, sing songs, shout, and we can hear everything in the bedroom.
But on the top floor everything will be perfect.
— Before that, I lived on the third floor (the most expensive, by the way), and above me there was a family with two young children, what a hell it was! Moreover, they also had carpets on the floor, and if it had been some kind of newfangled laminate, that would be it, my psyche would not have been able to withstand these endless knocks, clanks, running, jumping, etc. I wouldn’t wish it on my enemy! That’s why I bought the top floor on principle. I’ve been living here for 7 years and I couldn’t be happier. And so - silence, peace, space. Only sometimes do I hear the sounds of music or TV from the neighbors downstairs, but these are such trifles compared to the hyperactive children upstairs! A married couple lives in the next apartment and they are also very happy, although at first they were worried that it was on the top floor.
Is it difficult to build high-rise buildings?
If you are looking for a master class on how to build a multi-story house with your own hands, then you better give up this idea. Since without special calculations your house will not stand for long. Often people cannot cope with the complexity and volume of work even when building a one-story private house.
We present the amount of basic materials needed during construction. To build one floor, you need 4,500 bricks, 10 kg of plaster, 10 floor slabs and much more. And the height of a 9-story building is not just abstract numbers. There are costs for the foundation, roofing, etc. In addition, a large workforce and special equipment are needed to lift building materials to a height.
The responsibilities for constructing a multi-story building are divided among a large number of people. There are many professions involved in this matter: from architects to builders. Do they find it difficult to cope with their responsibilities? Certainly!
The first tall buildings
Even in ancient times on Earth, people knew how to build structures of enormous size. Unfortunately, the technology has not reached our days. But the size is amazing! How could people, without modern tools, create such complex structures? The most famous buildings are the temples and pyramids of the Aztecs, Mayans, Egyptians, as well as Greek palaces. Even then, people knew how to create buildings that were complex not only in size, but also in shape and beauty.
Classification of heights and types of buildings with different number of storeys
To calculate the total height of a house, building, structure, the distance from the floor to the ceiling of each floor and the thickness of each interfloor ceiling are taken into account. If the attic space is higher than 1.8 m and wider than 1.6 m, and the basement floor rises more than 2 m above the ground, then they will also be counted as separate floors. This is stated in the explanations of Rosreestr - for example, letter from the FSGR, cadastre and cartography No. 4200-AB/20 dated May 12, 2020 (“On the number of floors of individual housing construction projects”).
A brief general classifier of the number of storeys and heights of buildings:
Height groups of multi-storey buildings depending on their category:
Examples: The height of a category II multi-storey building with 15 floors is approximately 55 meters. According to records for 2022, the tallest building in Russia and throughout Europe is the Lakhta Center in St. Petersburg. Its height is 463 m. This is significantly higher than the buildings of the complex of the tallest objects in Moscow - Moscow City. But the tallest building in the world is a super skyscraper in Dubai (UAE). It has 163 floors, has the name “Burj Khalifa” and rises above the ground by as much as 828 meters.
Garbage chute
A garbage disposal in your front door is truly a wonderful thing. And you don’t have to sort the garbage and go somewhere with it. This bonus will not only save you from unnecessary walks in the cold and rain, but will also give you the gift of meeting many pets running to the scent. Rats are very smart, they will appreciate the interior aroma of the garbage disposal. Although, you can be served by respectable developers.
“The higher you live, the less rats scare you.” In general, yes, the smell on some floors is the same.
“We haven’t had any problems with garbage, everything is taken out on time.
Video description
How many rooms should there be in a house, what size, how to correctly calculate the area and what mistakes to avoid are described in the video:
Hall
The living room can be connected to the dining room or made into a room for watching movies, so the area should be able to accommodate many guests at the same time. Usually about 35-40 m2 are allocated in the warmest part of the house, on the south side.
On a note ! For example, a family of 3-4 people are planning to make a large living room on the ground floor with a home theater and a built-in niche for dishes. According to preliminary calculations, the required footage for a comfortable stay in the room should reach 30 m2.
An example of a 30 m2 living room with a bay window Source idealkuhnya.ru
See also: Catalog of companies that specialize in designing country houses.
Kitchen
It all depends on the wishes of the future housewife: it can be made in a square shape with great functionality, which is necessary exclusively for cooking (about 15 m2), or it can be connected to a bar counter and made into a kitchen with an “island” in the center. The rectangular layout looks beautiful, where the kitchen unit is located along the entire wall. This option looks expensive and rich, and also makes it possible to harmoniously integrate all household appliances.
Important! In any case, the kitchen should be at least 6 m2, and provided that the family is large - up to 20 m2.
Calculating the square footage for a kitchen is quite convenient, since all built-in household appliances have approximately the same dimensions. If you want to build in a refrigerator, touch cooker and washing machine, you should add all the values to the total length, not forgetting about the space for washing. Thus, having decided in advance what will be in the kitchen, you can determine the square footage for the future food preparation area based on functionality.
Particular attention is paid when determining the size of the future kitchen; this is the place where they spend the most time; the maximum number of appliances, appliances, furniture and products is concentrated here. Source de.aviarydecor.com
Bedroom
For an ordinary bedroom, an elongated layout with a footage of about 20 m2 is suitable. But, if you want to build in a dressing room, feel free to increase the area by another 5-6 m2 and make the room wider - this will visually increase the usable space.
Each family has its own concept of an ordinary bedroom and, undoubtedly, the opportunity to be located in a space of more than 20 m2 is more pleasant Source pinterest.com
Elevator
It's good if it's always working. Or there are two of them at once, or better yet, three! But if the elevator breaks down or the electricity goes out, walking to the 16th floor is a real joy. Bonus - heavy bags at best, a stroller as an apogee.
And if you are lucky enough to live directly opposite the elevator, that’s great. No extra steps. Well, the constant rattling of doors will replace the music.
— I live on the 16th floor. If the elevators are broken, it's a complete nightmare. It took me about 20 minutes to mentally prepare for this ascent.
— All my life I lived on the 16th, and it seemed to me that I was living so low. I dreamed of taking the 35th approximately, but in the end life only brought me to the 25th. In my lifetime, elevators have broken down three times when electricity was cut off in the entire building; I remember this happened in the 90s. It is important to look at where the elevator shafts are located. If they are near the apartment, there will be an eerie monotonous hum that will drive you crazy with vibration.
“Everyone was scared by the fact that elevators often break down, but in practice they only broke down once during the entire time that we lived in a high-rise building. In addition, all modern buildings have spare elevators in case of an emergency.
The roof is leaking
If your high-rise building is not new, be sure to find out before moving when major renovations were done to the house. Otherwise, living on the top floor, you risk getting foggy and rainy London delivered to your home. So much for European style.
— In our comfort-class house, two years after the house was commissioned and occupied, the roof began to leak; I know two apartments on the top floor with such a problem.
— Of course, there are problems with the roof in high-rise buildings. I heard many people complain. But, for example, we have a technical floor, so there have been no “leaks” in all the years of our life, and before that our neighbors often flooded us.
