Ceiling made of lining, types of material, how to choose it, how to calculate it and how to use it

When starting a renovation, any homeowner thinks about what material to use for interior decoration. Of course, in most cases the choice depends on the personal preferences of the owner. But the generally accepted opinion is that profile panels are the best option in terms of beauty and quality; this material meets all the requirements of a modern coating. A do-it-yourself clapboard ceiling is not only simple and durable, it is unique, since the variety of wood and panel profiles allows you to create truly masterpieces on your ceiling.

Reasons for popularity

Lining is a thin cladding board with a characteristic tongue-and-groove fastening. The fashion for wood finishing has lasted for decades, despite the fact that there are alternative options, plastic and MDF. The reasons for the popularity of the material lie in the following features of the lining ceiling:

Environmental friendliness. Natural material makes the space of the room especially cozy; the cladding is completely safe for health.
Practicality. Naturalness is a long-term trend in interior design, so wooden lining on the ceiling will be relevant for a very long time.
Easy installation. The material is light in weight, which means a minimum of effort during transportation, unloading and directly during cladding. There is also no need to strengthen the sheathing.
Durability. If installed and processed correctly, the ceiling is durable, reliable in use and will last 15-20 years.
Security. Wooden covering improves the heat and sound insulation of the room.
Design possibilities. There are many ceiling design ideas using wood slats; the design can be selected for different interior styles.

Ceiling design in the dining room of a country house Source inside-lighting.ru

Additional features. Lining will help solve additional problems, for example, hide communications or disguise an uneven surface.
Maintainability. Replacing one or two lamellas of the lining is easier and cheaper than, for example, a sheet of MDF. If necessary, it is easy to dismantle the structure.
Easy care. The material is not afraid of moisture and, although it is not recommended for use in damp rooms, it can be safely wiped with a damp cloth.

Marking

Don't be afraid to spend time on this step, or any other. Pay enough attention to each stage.

According to a specific design, mark the ceiling with a marker, pencil or a piece of brick. After this, attach a level to the wall and mark the lines either with a cord with dye, or draw a line along the level with a pencil.

Variety of types of wooden lining

Finishing is divided into types in different ways, for example, by material. It is made from coniferous and deciduous wood, which directly affects the appearance, mechanical characteristics and cost. Popular types of lining are made from the following types of wood:

From pine. Practical and most common option. Pine products are characterized by an even texture and warm shades in soft brown-yellow tones.
From spruce. The surface of the products is light, the texture is inexpressive, the price is moderate. Spruce lining is usually used for painting.

Finishing the veranda with wooden slats Source industry60plus.ru

Made from larch. Larch slats boast a pronounced texture and a brown-red palette of shades. The finish is durable and resistant to high humidity.
From linden. Linden lining for the ceiling stands out with a golden, sometimes slightly pinkish tint. The wood is quite soft and flexible, practical to use, and has a light, pleasant aroma.
Lining is a natural material, and, like any natural material, it cannot always be the same, standard in appearance. Therefore, GOST has developed a division into classes according to the following principle:
Class "Extra". Material with a perfectly flat and smooth surface; Not only are there no knots or spots, but also any color defects.
Class A. The material is suitable for ceiling cladding. The permissible number of defects is determined based on one and a half linear meters. The maximum that can be seen is a couple of blind cracks, one knot with a diameter of 5-15 mm and 1-2 resin pockets.

Natural shades of wood in the bedroom Source dk-nn.ru

Class B. On such material you can see a couple of blind cracks, the same number of resin pockets, 2-4 knots with a diameter of up to 20 mm. One contrasting spot is also considered normal if its area does not exceed 15 square meters. cm. Despite the defects, such panels are suitable for cladding.
Class C. This type of wooden slats is not used in residential premises due to its unpresentable appearance. 1-2 knots, no more than two resin pockets (5-50 mm), minor (up to 6 mm) damage are allowed on the surface. Non-through cracks can occupy no more than 5% of the lath area, blue spots - no more than 15 square meters. cm.
Separately from GOST, there is a European standard according to which the lath is made only from the wood of the outer layers (between the bark and the core). Thanks to the careful selection of raw materials, the eurolining is durable and has a uniform structure. The material is sorted by quality as follows:
Grade A. Flat, smooth surface; if there are knots, they are rare and only light.
Grade B. A small number of dark knots is allowed.
Grade C. In addition to dark knots, there may be minor chips that can be disguised during installation.

Classification of lining according to wood quality Source stroyfora.ru

Division by profiles

The link to the origin of the name of the material exists only in Russian; it is also called cladding, and, if there are profiles, then a profiled board. It is convenient to classify the lining according to its profile, that is, according to the method of connecting adjacent planks. Profiled boards are divided into classes as follows:

Euro standard. The comb does not fit completely into the groove, remaining open as a decorative element. Another feature of eurolining is the longitudinal grooves necessary for condensate drainage and ventilation.
Standard (“Collective Farmer”). Basic profile, dimensions are regulated by GOST. The comb is inserted into the groove butt to end, without a gap, the surface is smooth.
Calm. The installation is tight, without gaps. For production, as a rule, valuable species are used (cedar, larch, Angara pine). Therefore, the board has a wider surface (110-140 mm), demonstrating the beauty of the wood (the sinuous arrangement of the grain).

Variety of lining profiles Source brus4you.ru

Imitation of timber. The connection is mounted joint to joint, simulating the laying of timber. A chamfer is removed along the edge of the board at an angle. The standard width is 140 mm, the maximum is 185 m. For the ceiling, lining imitating timber is practically not used; its scope is wall decor.
Block house. The ridge fits into the groove without leaving a gap. Thanks to the rounded shape of the board, the finished surface convincingly imitates the laying of rounded logs. The greater the thickness of the material (and it ranges from 28-45 mm), the more rounded the shape, and the more realistic the finish looks. A board with a narrow profile is suitable for internal cladding (a wide one is used for external work).
American. It has different edge widths: the upper edge is narrowed, the lower edge is approximately twice as wide. The beveled profile creates an interesting illusion of overlapping boards. The material is quite heavy and, given the overlap effect, is not used for ceiling cladding.

Ceiling made of eurolining with alternating planks of contrasting colors Source kitchen-eco.ru

How to attach

You can install wooden lining using self-tapping screws, nails or special clamps - clamps. Each method has its own characteristics and advantages. If we are talking about how to properly attach the lining, then you can choose any of them. The choice itself depends on what is preferred: the appearance of the cladding, the speed of installation, the ability to quickly and easily dismantle the cladding.

On a note . Regardless of the chosen installation method, the elements are connected to each other by tightly inserting the next tenon into the groove of the previous panel.

The tongue-and-groove connection forms a continuous surface without through gaps Source stroiremdoma.ru
Let's look at each method in detail.

Through mount

This is the fastest installation method, but not the most aesthetically pleasing, since the caps of the fastening elements remain visible on the surface of the cladding. If desired, they can be recessed into the body of the board, and the recesses can be filled with putty or closed with pins made of the same type of wood as the lining, and then sanded. However, the attachment points will still remain visible.

In the described case, you have to carefully choose how to fasten the lining. It is recommended to use corrosion-resistant galvanized self-tapping screws rather than nails, which, when driven in, have a high risk of splitting the board along the grain of the wood. Under them, in each plank at the place where it intersects with the sheathing, through holes with a diameter slightly less than the diameter of the hardware are pre-drilled.

It is better to screw in the screws in pairs, 1-1.5 cm away from the edges of the lamella Source parki48.ru

Also, through fastening is used to fix the first and last boards of the lining in the corners.

What to choose for the ceiling

Wooden slats are selected depending on the purpose (place of use) of the cladding, based on the characteristics and quality of the wood. For example, for cladding walls and ceilings in a house (as well as in a bathhouse or sauna), experts advise choosing hardwood panels (alder, aspen, linden). The material adequately withstands fluctuations in temperature and humidity without releasing resin; you don't have to worry about the appearance of the ceiling.

If you decide to finish the ceiling with clapboard, the best option would be a class A or “Extra” board (the latter, if it fits within the budget). Class B material for the ceiling in a living room should be considered only as a spare, although it may be suitable for painting or finishing a bathhouse.

The choice is influenced by the dimensions of the boards (width, thickness). For example, dense laying of wide “Calm” lining forms a smooth surface that does not attract the eye. The interior with such decoration on the ceiling looks harmonious. Eurolining forms characteristic longitudinal grooves; If you combine strips of different widths to decorate the ceiling, you can get a stylish design.

Ceiling design in a dark palette Source imgix.net

When choosing a finishing color, be guided by the size of the room and the height of the ceilings. A light ceiling has the ability to expand space, therefore, the smaller the room and the lower the ceilings, the lighter the paneling should be. The color does not have to be natural; the board is often painted white, beige, light gray and similar shades.

Laying out the lining along, rather than across, the long side of the room will help make the room taller. In a spacious room with high ceilings, the color choice is unlimited. To cover the ceiling with clapboard, it is quite possible to opt for a dark board (or paint it); the interior will have a stylish, respectable look.

Material quality control

After you have decided on the type, color, and quantity of the lining and delivered it to the work site, you need to check its quality. All panels should be laid out on a horizontal, flat surface and checked to see how well they correspond to the stated characteristics. Sometimes unscrupulous sellers place defective samples inside the packaging to avoid losses due to their rejection. Of course, it is advisable to pay attention to this during the shopping process in the store.

The next step if you plan to work with wood paneling is to dry it. PVC and MDF panels do not require this manipulation. To prevent the wooden lining mounted on the ceiling from becoming deformed, it must be thoroughly dried on a horizontal surface. The minimum drying period is 2 weeks, but a longer interval is allowed. If you do not want the wooden ceiling lining to soon lose its presentable appearance, drying cannot be neglected.

Ceiling ideas

Such a diverse natural material gives rise to many ideas for beautiful and unusual uses. The following options for installing lining on the ceiling are often found:

Minimalistic approach. Suitable for lovers of modern styles: the ceiling (often together with the walls) is covered with clapboard in natural, preferably light, shades. This solution creates a feeling of spaciousness; You can diversify the palette using furniture, textiles, and decor.

White painted lining makes the bedroom visually wider Source saucyintruder.org

Zoning of space. To do this, use lining of two colors or build two levels. Both techniques help to zone the space easily, naturally and without excessive expenses.
Figured display. Instead of boring sequential installation, the lining is laid out in a herringbone, diamond, diagonal, square pattern with alternating directions. Even a single-color design will make the interior more dynamic and original.

The ceiling as the main design element Source paint-work.ru

Combination of materials. It is rarely used, although the result is harmonious and effective. As a complement to the cladding board, choose a suspended ceiling or plasterboard; the design can be contrasting.
Beams and false blocks. A proven way to emphasize certain style trends is to use false beams. Their role will be successfully played by large format boards laid across the main ceiling cladding.

Ceilings with false blocks in modern interiors Source dekorator-s.ru

Covering a gable ceiling. Sheathing the ceiling of an attic or A-frame house is a classic and almost irreplaceable way to finish a complex surface.

An additional effect can be achieved not only by painting the lining on the ceiling, but also by additional processing. For example, a brushed surface looks interesting when the wood is tinted in two colors, emphasizing the texture. The finish can also be given an aged look using stain and other compounds. To consolidate the result, the ceiling is coated with varnish, wax or oil.

Interiors with an emphasis on the ceiling Source dekorator-s.ru

Useful tips

And finally, a few tips that will ensure the reliability, durability and aesthetic appeal of wood cladding:

Before installation, it is advisable to treat all wooden surfaces, including sheathing, with antiseptic impregnation, especially if clapboard is used to finish a wet room or external walls. This will prevent the spread of mold.
When finishing interior spaces, materials must be kept in them for two to three days for acclimatization.
The lined surface can be painted, coated with oil, wax, varnish, or stain. Pre-priming will reduce the consumption of varnish or paint.

What interior styles is it suitable for?

Traditionally, clapboard ceiling lining is considered a sign of village life and is associated primarily with country life. However, it complements well the space of some other interior trends: wooden slats on the ceiling can decorate a room decorated in the following styles:

Modern. A variety of materials are suitable: tinted, laminated, glossy, matte. Light colors are preferred, but a certain exclusivity is also important. Various methods are suitable for its creation: inserts, figured layout, combination with point sources, LED strip.

Calm interior in a modern style Source cloudinary.com

Provence. Paneling made of boards in pastel colors (milky, off-white, light blue) will fit perfectly into the image of an exquisite French style. A good addition would be beams of a contrasting color to the main ceiling.

Delicate colors of Provence Source hzcdn.com

Scandinavian. The priority is light shades and a minimum of creativity in terms of inserts and combinations. Preference is given to a simple canvas made of tightly fitted boards, possibly with an aging effect. A good addition would be a figured plasterboard plinth.

Children's room design Source hzcdn.com

Loft. The ceiling cladding is given a slightly careless, shabby, brutal look, for which brushing is well suited. Whether the color of the planks will be dark or light depends on the overall concept of the interior.

Wooden paneling in a loft bedroom Source behance.net

How much material will be needed and what installation method to choose?

Before covering the ceiling with clapboard, calculate the amount of material for the ceiling; it is performed in two steps:

Calculate the ceiling area by multiplying the length and width.
The area of the ceiling is divided by the area of one die. Its size is indicated on the package, but you can measure it yourself; at the same time, make sure that you use the usable area of the lining.

The sizes and grade are indicated on the packaging Source beaver-news.ru
The resulting number is rounded up and another 15% is added “in reserve”. A similar result can be obtained using an online calculator. There are two ways to cover the ceiling with clapboard:

On the frame. The method is suitable for rooms with fairly high ceilings. A frame, wooden or made of a metal profile, is attached to the main ceiling; the lining is fixed with nails, screws or clamps.
On glue. The method is suitable for a wide variety of surfaces; the main thing is that the base is sufficiently smooth and free of dirt. The panels are carefully glued using the adhesive instructions.

Installation on a wooden frame Source masterpotolok.com

Briefly about the main thing

Lining as a ceiling decor has many advantages, and, thanks to the variety of types, it allows you to beautifully decorate the interior in many popular styles. For cladding residential premises, choose material from hardwood, class A or “Extra”. In small rooms, preference is given to boards in light shades.

There are many ways to sheathe the ceiling: using a combination of materials, figured layout, false blocks. Calculating the material for the ceiling is not difficult; you can do it yourself or use an online calculator. The cladding is carried out on the frame or with glue, choosing the most suitable option.

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