What is 1 liter in kg? How much does a liter of water weigh in kilograms: numbers and facts

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• What is 1 liter in kg? How much does a liter of water weigh in kilograms: numbers and facts

• What does the mass of water depend on?
• How much does a liter of water weigh - a little history
• How to determine how much one liter of water weighs?
• Where did the names come from?
• Metric system
• SI system
• Liter measurements
• Measuring utensils

The weight of one liter of water, weighed at atmospheric pressure of 760 mm and the temperature of the highest density of water 4˚C, is approximately 998.5 grams.

The weight of one liter of water is approximately 998.5 grams.

Water is the most unusual liquid on our planet. Indeed, thanks to water, not only life on Earth appeared, but also many important inventions that played a huge role in the development of technological progress of mankind. It's all about the amazing properties of water, which can easily change from liquid to solid or gaseous. In everyday life, there is often a need to determine the mass of this liquid - be it a chemical experiment in a school chemistry lesson, a production process, or simply for everyday needs. How much does 1 liter of water weigh? Answering this question is not as simple as it might seem at first glance.

What does the mass of water depend on?

According to the laws of physics, there is a difference between weight and mass. If we talk about weight, we mean the force exerted by a body of a certain mass on a surface. And the term “mass” denotes a quantitative measure of the inertia of a body, which is measured in kilograms. In our article we are talking about the mass of water.

How much does a liter of water weigh? This indicator depends on:

• temperature
• atmospheric pressure
• water conditions (liquid, ice, snow)
• salinity of water (fresh, salty)
• type of hydrogen isotopes

So the weight of water depends on all the above factors, which together determine the value of this indicator.

How much does a liter of water weigh - a little history

At different times, the answer to this question was different. But the world’s minute-to-minute water consumption is extremely high! Therefore, it was necessary to make a general decision regarding the measurement of the mass of the liquid. So, in 1964, during the international conference on weights and measures, a unit was approved that designated the volume of 1 dm 3 of water - liter.

However, this unit means volume rather than weight. In this case, the weight can be completely different - for example, a liter of water will be much heavier than a liter of gasoline due to its higher density.

In 1901, the third international conference on weights and measures decided to denote a liter as the volume of 1 kg of water at a temperature of 3.98 ° C and an atmospheric pressure of 760 mm Hg. The main difference in the designation of a liter was that in 1901 this unit was considered the volume of a kilogram, and in 1964 - only the volume, while the weight of the substance could be different.

So in the period 1901 - 1964. the weight of a liter of water was equal to one kilogram, however, subject to the above indicators of temperature and atmospheric pressure. To maintain this equality, it is also necessary that the water be clean. After all, ordinary drinking water contains salts that have different effects on its density. Is there a difference between swimming in a fresh lake and a salt lake? Of course, it is unlikely that you will drown in the latter. So in order for a liter of water to be equal to a kilogram, the liquid must be distilled, obtained by evaporation and condensation of steam.

General information

Refrigeration cycle, step 1. The hot refrigerant compressed by the compressor is cooled by the surrounding air and condenses in the heat exchanger of the window air conditioner

Specific volume is volume per unit mass. This property of substances is often used in thermodynamics. Specific volume is the reciprocal of density. It is found by dividing volume by mass. The specific volume of gases can also be found by their density, temperature and molecular weight. The value of volume per unit mass is used more often, but sometimes, speaking of specific volume, they mean the ratio of volume to molecular weight. It is usually clear from the context what specific volume we are talking about. Specific volume units by mass are different from specific volume units by molecular weight, so you can understand what specific volume you are talking about by looking at the units in which it is measured. Specific volume by mass is measured in m³/kg, l/kg, or ft³/lb, while specific volume by molecular weight is measured in m³/mol and derivative units. In some cases, the specific volume by molecular weight is called molar volume

or
specific molar volume
.

How to determine how much one liter of water weighs?

To conduct such an experiment, we will need a glass or plastic jar, measuring cups, electronic scales and distilled water. First you need to determine the mass of the can using a scale and write down the resulting figure. Pour a liter of water into a measuring cup, pour it into a jar and weigh again. Now you need to subtract the mass of the can - the result will be approximately one kilogram. Such scales can be used to determine the mass of other liquids, such as milk.

If you want to get a more accurate indicator, you need to comply with the conditions of temperature (4˚C) and pressure (760 mm Hg). Then the mass of water will be 998.5 g.

Tap water will show slightly different results when weighed than distilled water. The fact is that tap water may contain impurities of heavy metals, which increases the mass of one liter of water. To calculate the mass of 1 liter of water, special formulas are also used.

Now we know how much 1 liter of water weighs, what factors influence the weight of a liter of water and how to calculate the mass of water experimentally.

Water is perhaps one of the most unusual liquids. Under normal conditions, we can easily observe how it transforms into any of three states - liquid, solid, gaseous. Thanks to water, we have had many inventions in the past that have played a big role in technological progress. Thanks to water, for example, steam engines appeared. Without readily available steam, who knows what path technology would have taken? Water mills, one might say, are the prototype of hydroelectric power stations. There are many examples...

The world uses a huge amount of water every minute. In this regard, some kind of unit for measuring the amount of liquid was required. In 1964, such a unit was adopted at the 12th General Conference on Weights and Measures. It was called a liter, and it meant the volume of one cubic decimeter of water. There are two subtle points here.

Firstly, a liter is not weight, but volume . Secondly, since this is volume, its weight may be different. In fact, a liter of gasoline is much lighter than a liter of water because its density is much less.

Here the question arises - how much does a liter of water weigh? The answer is ambiguous. For example, since 1901, at the 3rd General Conference on Weights and Measures, the liter was defined differently. It denoted the volume of one kilogram of water at a temperature of 3.98 degrees and normal atmospheric pressure of 760 mmHg. Note that in 1901 a liter meant the volume of a kilogram, and in 1964 it simply meant a volume, regardless of weight. In this case, the volume of a liter was 1.000028 cubic decimeters.

We can conclude that from 1901 to 1964, a liter of water weighed exactly a kilogram. But this is only under the specified conditions. Why did they need to be taken into account? But because they directly affect the density of water. At a temperature of 3.98 degrees, water has the highest density. At zero, ice is lighter than water, and at higher temperatures, the density decreases (less weight). The same is true for atmospheric pressure - the higher it is, the greater the density of water, and accordingly the weight is also greater.

Another prerequisite for a kilogram of water to yield exactly a liter is the purity of the water. As you know, there are many salts dissolved in ordinary drinking water, which affect the density of water in different ways. Have you swam in a fresh or salt lake? There is water in both places, but what is the difference? You can easily drown in fresh water, but if you try hard enough, you can drown in salt water. Therefore, distilled water obtained by evaporation and condensation of steam can be taken into account. There are no foreign impurities in it. Rainwater has approximately the same properties.

If at least one condition is not met, then a liter of water can no longer weigh exactly one kilogram. The greater the deviation, the greater the difference. It is useful to give examples here.

For example, at a temperature of 0 degrees, the density of water is 0.99987 g/ml. This means that a liter of “correct” water will weigh 999.87 grams. At a temperature of 25 degrees - 997.1 grams, at 35 degrees - 994.06 grams, and at a temperature of 90 degrees - 965.34 grams. The difference is quite noticeable.

As pressure increases, the weight of a liter of water also changes. For example, at the top of a mountain the water is lighter than somewhere in a mine or at the bottom of the ocean.

And finally, a couple of little-known but interesting facts. If you take water devoid of gases dissolved in it, then it can be cooled to -70 degrees, and it will not freeze. But as soon as you shake it or add a piece of ice, it will instantly freeze and the temperature will rise to 0 degrees!

The same water does not boil if it is heated to 150 degrees. But as soon as you shake it or add a bubble of air, it will instantly boil, and its temperature will become exactly 100 degrees!

This amazing ordinary liquid flows from an ordinary water tap...

When converting kilograms to liters, you should definitely clarify what we are talking about. Each substance has its own density, and only by specifying the name of the object can we talk about its mass.

Formula for the ratio of liters and kilograms

Of course, we definitely cannot convert kilograms into liters, since they belong to different systems of quantities. Kilograms refer to the metric system of measurement, and liters to the volumetric system. However, we can always correlate these units of measurement.

This formula for expressing kilograms through liters will have the following structure:

V=m/p

In this formula we see three unknown notations: V, m and p. In this formula and further in the study of physics and other related sciences, these letters are symbols. V stands for volume, m stands for the mass of the body, and p stands for its density.

Water has one interesting feature - the number of liters is equal to the number of kilograms, i.e. 1l = 1kg of water, it owes this property to its density of 997 g/l.

VIDEO: How to calculate cubic capacity

How to calculate cubic capacity

How to calculate cubic capacity

Since we are talking about density, it is worth immediately defining it, and generally explaining what it is.

Density

Density expresses the ratio of a body's mass to the volume it occupies. Density is often denoted by the letter ρ , less often D or d . Moreover, density is a scalar quantity.

The definition of “scalar quantity” shows that this unit of measurement has only one value - numerical.

Density, like any other physical quantity, has its own formula:

p=m:V

Any substance has its own density, and this does not depend on its state of aggregation, whether solid, liquid or gaseous.

Density of gases

Density of liquids

Density of solids

Instructions for finding the ratio of quantities

In order to find the numerical value of liters, knowing the value of kilograms, you need:

1 Determine the density of the substance you are looking for using the table above.

2Substitute this value into the formula V=m/p in place of p.

If you want to know the value of kilograms, knowing the volume (liters), you need:

1Find out the density of your substance from the table above.

2Substitute this value into the formula m = p ∙ V in place of p.

However, we should not forget that according to the International System of Units (SI), in which all quantities are measured, grams, tons, and so on, should be converted into kilograms, and centimeters cubed, milliliters into meters cubed.

Thus, 1g = 0.001 kg, and 1 cm3 = 0.000001 kg3.

Where you may need a measure of converting kilograms to liters and vice versa:

In everyday life In cooking, in calculating how much paint you will need to paint a wall, and so on.

In work For example, to calculate the volume and weight of goods sold, gasoline, milk, or any other.

The volume-to-weight ratio of some substances:

• p of water - 1000 kg/m3.
• p steel - 7800 kg/m3.
• p of concrete – 1400-2500 kg/m3.
• p paint – 900-1600 kg/m3.
• p of milk – 1027-1033 kg/m3.
• r oil – 730-1040 kg/m3.
• p gasoline - 750 kg/m3.
• p of diesel fuel – 830-860 kg/m3.

Unlike units of volume and weight, density is measured in kg/m3, this once again shows us that density is the ratio of body mass to its volume.

If we consider these definitions from the physics side:

Mass is a certain characteristic of a body, which shows how much this body interacts with other bodies from the side of gravity.

Volume is a characteristic of the space occupied by a certain body, substance, and so on.

Density is a physical quantity that shows the ratio of body mass and its volume.

Note, in 1 liter:

• milk - 1.029 g;
• kefir - from 1.027 to 1.039 kg (depending on the percentage of fat content);
• juice without pulp - approximately 1 kg;
• juice with pulp - approximately 1,050 kg;
• wine - 0.975-0.990 kg;
• alcohol - 0.789 kg;
• sunflower oil - 0.920-0.930 kg.

Consider a situation where you need to convert grams to liters, what should you do then?

Everything here is also extremely simple:

• First, we need to convert grams to kilograms, remember that there are 1000 grams in one kilogram, which means there are 0.001 kg in 1 gram.
• Then we look at the density in the table of substance densities.
• Substitute volume and weight into the formula for finding volume (V=m/p)
• Finding the volume.

Example:

Let's imagine that you need to convert 200 grams of milk into liters.

1. There are 0.2 kilograms in 200 grams.
2. The ratio of weight and volume of milk is 1027 kilograms per cubic meter (according to the table)
3. Now we substitute the data into the formula V=m/p

V=0.2/1027.

V=0.000194 liters.

Answer: 200 grams of milk contains 0.000194 liters.

Units of mass of substances:

• 1 ton (t) = 1,000 kilograms (kg).
• 1 quintal (c) = 100 kilograms (kg).
• 1 kilogram (kg) = 1,000 grams (g).
• 1 gram (g) = 1,000 milligrams (mg).

Volume units:

• 1 cu. meter (cubic m) = 1,000 cubic meters decimeters.
• 1 liter (l) = 1 cu. decimeter (cubic dm).
• 1 hectoliter (hl) = 100 liters (l).
• 1 liter (L) = 1000 milliliters (ml).

Where did the names come from?

If you dive deep into history, you need to understand that each individual city, not to mention countries, had its own concepts of weight, length, and time. Each corner of the planet had its own measure of weight; it was measured in ounces, pounds, measures, poods and other units, and even the same names did not guarantee the same weight. The same thing happened with length, ranging from small measurements to distances between cities. But until the end of the eighteenth century, no one would have understood the question “how many kilograms are in 1 liter?”, because such names did not even exist.

Over time, when states came to unity of command, and international trade began to actively develop, the need for universal standardization arose. And if within each individual country the unification of measurements occurred almost simultaneously with the formation of this very country, then the world community approached uniform international standards in the second half of the nineteenth century.

The very names “meter” and “kilogram” appeared in France in 1795. After the victory of the French Revolution, the new authorities decided to get rid of everything that resembled the monarchy. The changed names of the months of the year and days of the week did not last long, but the roots of the new units of measurement of the entire world community originate in France. It was there that the question “how many kilograms are in 1 liter of water?” was first answered.

History of the appearance of the name of measures

Units of measurement began to appear when they were needed. From the need to know the size of something, from the need for accuracy, people began to come up with measures of measurement that everyone could use. This was the beginning of units of measurement.

First units of measurement

Initially, people came up with the most primitive and most subjective measures. For example, sailors used a pipe as a unit of measurement, the Spaniards used cigars, and the Japanese used a horse shoe. For many peoples, the first common unit of measurement was the arrow. The distance that an arrow can fly was equal to 1 arrow.

The modern sayings “Keep out a cannon shot” and “Keep out a gun shot” appeared precisely thanks to this unit of measurement.

Also, the Greeks, Babylonians, and Egyptians had such units of measurement as stages. One stage was equal to the length of one stadium, which is about 195 meters.

The appearance of a mile, arshin, span, inch

One of the few units of measurement that is still used today is the mile. It appeared thanks to the Romans, Babylonians and ancient Greeks, who often measured distances in steps. A thousand double steps made a mile.

Over time, when people had to measure the length of rope, fabric and other things that were inconvenient to measure in steps, such a unit of measurement as the elbow appeared. One cubit is equal to the length of a human arm from the end of the fingers to the elbow joint. In the same way, arshin appeared, arshin translated from Persian, elbow. It indicated the distance from the tip of the fingers to the shoulder. One arshin is approximately equal to 71 cm.

Lengths in the old days

When it was necessary to measure something smaller than an arshin, another unit of measurement was used - the span. It appeared from the arshin and was ¼ of it. The distance between the spread index and thumb was a span. The span is approximately 18 cm.

The vershok also owes its appearance to the arshin. It was one sixteenth of an arshin or ¼ of a span and was approximately 4.4 cm.

Fathom and its types

In the 11th century, another new unit of measurement of length appeared, which became very popular - the fathom. The length of one fathom was set equal to 3 arshins or 2.13 m. In addition, several more units of measurement arose from it, for example, an oblique fathom was a unit of measurement from the end of an outstretched right arm to the left foot, a swing fathom was the span of the arms on the sides.

From the oblique fathom the Lithuanian cubit appeared; it was equal to ¼ oblique fathom.

Measuring length with a rope

So, let's summarize:

• Stage - 195 meters
• A mile-a-thousand double steps
• Elbow or arshin - 71 centimeters
• span - 18 centimeters
• Vershok-4.4 centimeters
• Fathom - 240 centimeters or 2.13 meters
• Oblique fathom-2.3 meters

Over time, more and more units of measurement appeared, for example, verst, field, tithe, spool, lot, ounce and many, many others, but it was stages, arshins and miles that laid the foundation for modern units of measurement.

Let's look at the length measures currently in use:

• 1 kilometer = 1,000 m
• 1 meter = 10 dm
• 1 decimeter = 10 cm = 0.1 m
• 1 centimeter = 10 mm = 0.01 m
• 1 millimeter = 1,000 microns = 10-3 m

Regarding volume measurement:

• 1 cubic meter = 1,000 dm3
• 1 cubic decimeter = 1,000 cm3 = 10-3 m3
• 1 cubic centimeter = 1,000 mm3 = 10-6 m3
• 1 cubic millimeter = 0.001 cm3 = 10-9 m3
• 1 liter = 1 dm3 = 1000 cm3

Metric system

The word "liter" gets its name from the Old French "litron", which denoted a measure of free-flowing solids. And the Old French term has its roots in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. After the French Revolution, the liter became the new unit of volume. And in the same 1795 they determined how much kilogram 1 liter of water weighs. To begin with, we determined how much one standard gram was. It weighed like one cube of melt water with an edge of one hundredth of a meter. And since a gram was a rather small quantity, not convenient for making a standard, a unit a thousand times heavier than a gram was taken as a standard. And, accordingly, the volume was “adjusted” to it. Therefore, to the question “how many kilograms are in 1 liter of water?” The only answer is: “One.” But the system, which was based on the meter and kilogram, received international recognition only in the last quarter of the nineteenth century, when seventeen states, including Russia, at a meeting in Paris confirmed the Meter Convention with their signatures.

Liter measurements

Water was initially taken as the standard of mass in the state of melting ice. After this, the definitions changed, and a sample of one kilogram became water at the temperature of the highest density and the normal state of the atmospheric phenomenon. It follows from this that a substance, in this case water, even in a 1-liter container can have a different weight. Therefore, when asking how many kilograms are in 1 liter, you should also clarify the atmospheric pressure and water temperature. And again, when we are not talking about water, the weight of one liter will vary significantly. Thus, the heaviest liquid in its natural state - mercury - is more than thirteen times heavier than water. And, for example, vegetable oil is lighter than water, and if you pour oil into water, an oil film forms on the surface. Taking into account the fact that one liter corresponds to one cubic decimeter, liters can be used to measure not only liquid substances, but also solid ones. The hardest known substance, osmium, is 23 times heavier than water, and ice, which forms when water freezes, has a lower density, which is why it is found on the surface of the water. How many kilograms are in 1 liter depends on what we are measuring.

Measuring utensils

And where solid substances are measured in liters, bulk substances also appear. Moreover, in the old days it was granular substances that determined the volume of dishes; wheat served as the standard for this. And in the modern world, measuring utensils come to the aid of all housewives. With its help, you can calmly answer the question of how many kilograms are in 1 liter, and not at all of water. After all, everything is clear with water. Depending on the need, measuring utensils can measure how much cream, milk, perhaps even flour or cereal is in one liter. Or perhaps not in one liter, but only in a glass. The measuring cup will show how many kilograms, pounds or ounces are in 1 liter, depending on which country's recipe will be prepared at the moment. If you don’t have measuring utensils at hand, reference books will help, which will tell you, to the nearest gram, the capacity of one liter for all kinds of products.

Mass and weight

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Density calculation

Often the density of substances is indicated for standard conditions, that is, for a temperature of 0 °C and a pressure of 100 kPa. In educational and reference books you can usually find such densities for substances that are often found in nature. Some examples are shown in the table below. In some cases, the table is not enough and the density must be calculated manually. In this case, the mass is divided by the volume of the body. The mass can be easily found using a scale. To find out the volume of a body of a standard geometric shape, you can use formulas to calculate volume. The volume of liquids and solids can be found by filling a measuring cup with the substance. For more complex calculations, the liquid displacement method is used.