The technology for the production of alkyd paint and varnish material (LPM) developed in Soviet times has not changed to the present day. It competes well with modern acrylic paints. The enamel is a suspension based on pentaphthalic varnish and titanium dioxide, which, in addition to the main component, includes pigments, special fillers and fine dye. The composition of the enamel is encrypted in the marking:
- PF is a binding base, which uses pentaphthalic varnish.
- 1 ‒ means that the paint is intended for outdoor use in any climatic conditions. You can also use paintwork materials for interior work.
- 15 ‒ catalog number of the chemical composition according to GOST.
Three numbers indicate the three-component composition of the suspension. The production of PF-115 Enamel is regulated and controlled by GOST 6465-76 and 926-82. In 2001, changes were made to the documents to improve technical parameters. Thanks to special modifiers, the paint and varnish material is offered in different colors. For household use, the paint is supplied in the required consistency and, after diluting with white spirit, is ready for painting surfaces.
Everything you need to know before you start
PF-115 enamel was developed by Soviet specialists in the 60s and is regulated according to GOST 6465-76.
It has an alkyd base and is adapted to work in a wide variety of weather conditions. It is used for painting wooden surfaces, as well as metals. During the production process, color is added to it.
PF-115 enamel has certain quality and durability parameters. Thus, a two-layer coating up to 40 microns thick, used on primed material in a moderately cold climate, will protect the surface for 4 years, and the external properties of the enamel will remain for 1 year.
Decoding the PF-115 code
Enamel is widely used in the construction industry, not only among professionals in their field, but also among owners of private houses. Its appearance in the Soviet Union occurred in the 60s. To this day, alkyd enamel is actively purchased in hardware and construction stores. This happens because PF-115 is more than affordable in price, as well as in its protective properties and appearance on a painted surface.
The paint has been on the market for quite a long time, and has not undergone virtually any changes since its introduction. However, it should be taken into account that at the moment it is produced both according to GOST and TU.
It is recommended to purchase goods manufactured according to old standards, which are regulated by GOST. The fact is that there are a number of manufacturers who change technology that has been proven for decades. The specifications will be indicated on cans of such paint.
However, it is not possible to check the quality of enamel by appearance alone; you can only apply it to the surface and wait. But not everyone is ready to experiment, having tried different options.
In their native form, different components can be used in different ratios in the production of enamel. However, the main feature is that no matter how much or what is included in the composition, the characteristics of the enamel correspond to those declared.
The PF-115 product range is presented in ready-made color solutions. They can be changed to your liking. To do this, you need to mix two types of enamel in strictly defined proportions. This makes it possible to make the necessary supply of enamel of the required color.
During the coloring process, you need to follow a simple algorithm of actions.
PF-115 has become widespread, but there are still many complaints and refusals of use. This reaction occurs due to the fact that production technology is grossly violated, and many counterfeit products enter the market. When using counterfeit enamels, a persistent unpleasant odor appears, the painted surface takes much longer to dry than stated, the paint does not apply smoothly and has an uneven structure.
Application
Any of the listed materials can be applied using a roller, brush, air or airless spray. Some primers are available in two versions - regular and marked “E”. The latter option can be applied using electrostatic spraying.
The order of application is as follows:
- Clean the surface from dirt, dust, and grease. Visible layers of rust should also be cleaned, scale removed, old paints and varnishes removed or sanded well.
- Dilute the primer to working viscosity with a solvent, if necessary. Mix thoroughly for 3–10 minutes until smooth.
- Apply primer to the surface in any convenient way. The layer should be thin and uniform.
- Wait for the material to dry completely - wait according to the attached instructions. If drying is not complete, subsequent layers may peel off. If you plan to apply decorative coatings after priming, it is better to wait at least 96 hours.
The product retains its protective properties for up to 7 years; this period may decrease when used in an aggressive environment.
Correct use of PF-115
Distinctive features of the enamel are good viscosity properties, as well as increased adhesive characteristics. This makes PF-115 popular.
Among the surfaces suitable for painting there are materials such as:
- Wooden surfaces;
- Concrete coverings;
- Plastered walls and ceilings;
- Coatings prepared with finishing putty;
- Brick materials;
- Metal structures.
With all its varied applications, PF-115 cannot be used for painting roofing materials such as slate or metal profiles. Since the roof is constantly exposed to direct sunlight, and, consequently, very strong heating occurs, the layer of applied enamel cracks and bursts. The protective properties of the paint are impaired.
If the task is to paint the roof, you need to purchase specialized paint that is only suitable for roofing materials.
The main purpose of PF-115 is to use it for outdoor work, when painting surfaces that are constantly in contact with the environment.
Paint can be used as an independent product or in combination with various protective coatings, such as anti-corrosion agents, antiseptic impregnations, and insulating materials.
Unfortunately, the paint does not contain any inclusions that act as an antiseptic or antibacterial. That is why, when painting wood or brick buildings, it is necessary to impregnate the surface with protective compounds before painting.
Don’t forget about the external properties of PF-115. Classic GOST defines more than 20 different types of shades for enamel.
With the development of technology, enamels are entering the market, the colors of which are included in the RAL palette. If the enamel is colored, then the can must have its catalog number.
For this reason, many users purchase non-GOST paint. It should be noted that it will cost more in price, because it includes additional expensive components.
The environmental conditions in which enamel painting is carried out may vary. This became possible thanks to the high elasticity of the paint applied in several layers. It is important that single-layer painting is only possible when the surface has already been painted with this red, and if the surface has no visible damage.
You can paint in both extreme cold and extreme heat. However, only if it is used correctly, all the declared characteristics will be justified.
general information
Pentaphthalic primers of the PF series are a type of primer materials that consist of pigments, driers, and also contain solvents. In addition, they are made with the addition of alkyd varnish, which provides the necessary characteristics. PF primers can be diluted with solvents. These solvents are often used in a variety of manufacturing applications, including the dilution of glypthalium products.
Primers of the PF series have various purposes, which are described in the instructions for use. These products are of high quality, as confirmed by relevant certificates. Typically, these primers are used to coat metal and wooden bases in order to create a reliable, protective layer. The primer can be used for interior and exterior work.
Typical solutions for the enamel painting process
The use of waterproof PF-115 on an alkyd base is possible when using any painting device, be it a brush, roller, or spray. To correctly determine the required amount of enamel, you need to take into account the characteristics of the surface to be painted, as well as the shade of the enamel itself.
For example, if you need to paint a concrete or brick wall, you need to prepare a larger supply of PF-115, because these materials absorb paint quite quickly. In turn, working with wood and metal structures will require less paint.
Antiseptic primer
It can be found on sale in the form of concentrated liquids or powders diluted with water. The instructions for preparing and using the antiseptic are extremely simple: it is dissolved in the amount of water specified by the manufacturer and applied once to the wood with a wide brush or paint roller. Small bars or individual lining boards can simply be immersed in the primer.
You can often find acrylic penetrating primers with antiseptic additives on sale.
- Wood primer for painting
Quantitative ratio of enamel to its color
The required amount of paint has a wide range, depending on the color and shade of the paint. The formula for correctly determining the ratio can be found in the corresponding section.
The formula is designed to be applied in one coat. If it is necessary to calculate the amount needed for a specific area, double multiplication is performed. The first multiplication is by the data from the formula, and then by the coefficient 0.9.
It is required to strictly observe the time interval between application of layers. The second time you need to paint the surface only a day after the first painting.
The surface to be painted must be prepared by degreasing it. For better adhesion of the enamel, it is necessary to paint the required surface in the absence of precipitation and wind. In this case, the temperature should not exceed +22 degrees Celsius. If these conditions are met, the paint will retain the desired consistency, and the solvent contained in its base will evaporate much more slowly. When painting, many people experience the formation of enamel streaks, the smoothing of which spoils the appearance. If you apply PF-115 following the necessary instructions, the layers will be even and the paint will not spread.
The amount of enamel depends on the application tool. When working with a roller, it will take more than when applying with a brush. This is due to the fact that the roller is highly absorbent.
Typical solutions when using PF-115 enamel
Painting metal surfaces
The surface of any metal must be primed before painting. It is necessary to select a soil whose marking has the number 0 in front.
In some cases, instead of a primer, you can use the PF-115 paint itself. If there are traces of rust on the metal, the surface is first treated with special rust converters.
Working with wooden surfaces
No primer is needed for wood. It should be painted in 3 layers. Before applying enamel, it is advisable to treat the wood with antifungal compounds.
Painting concrete, brick and plastered surfaces
No primer is required, you can paint directly with 3 coats. Before painting, treat the surface with anti-mold agents to avoid the future development of fungal outbreaks and mold.
Regardless of the material that needs to be painted, this material must be clean, free of grease and always dry. Permissible humidity should not exceed 15%. It follows from this that in the process of repairing and constructing walls, partitions and structures made of concrete and brick, they are allowed to be painted only 6 months after construction. Layers of enamel are applied at intervals of 1 day.
After completion of the production process, the finished enamel can be used immediately. However, it is worth remembering that it is not recommended to keep the can open for a long time, since the solvent will evaporate very quickly and the paint will become thick.
You can dilute the enamel with white spirit, but you cannot use gasoline. When interacting with PF-115, it will change the structure of the enamel itself, as well as its appearance. Before applying the paint, it should be actively stirred. You also need to stir the enamel while working with it.
How to treat a wooden door against moisture?
To moisture
did not destroy
the door
, you need to prevent it from getting inside.
For this purpose, the door
is painted. During polymerization, the layer of dye forms a protective film. For best protection, apply two coats of paint.
Interesting materials:
Where to plant Nemesia? Where to plant Variegated Turf? Where to plant Korean fir? Where to plant peonies on the site? Where to plant bladderwort? Where to plant a stock rose? Where to plant a pine tree? Where to plant Japanese spirea? Where to plant Spirea on the site? Where to plant creeping juniper?
